1. WORLD FISHERIES DAY 2025 OBSERVED WITH FOCUS ON BLUE TRANSFORMATION AND SEAFOOD EXPORTS
SUBJECT: ECONOMY/NATIONAL
- Department of Fisheries celebrated World Fisheries Day on November 21, 2025, at Sushma Swaraj Bhawan, New Delhi, under the theme “India’s Blue Transformation: Strengthening Value Addition in Seafood Exports”.
- India retained 2nd position globally in aquaculture production with 23 million tonnes (FAO SOFIA 2024); total fish production reached 195 lakh tonnes, supporting 30 million livelihoods.
- Marine exports rose 11% in October 2025; national traceability framework launched for food safety and global market access.
- Initiatives like PM Matsya Sampada Yojana (₹20,312 crore investment till 2025-26) and PM-MKSSY drive sustainable growth and value addition.
- Delegations from 27 countries attended, highlighting India’s Blue Economy partnerships.
- Concepts: Blue Economy – Sustainable ocean resource utilisation; Traceability ensures compliance with international standards like EU regulations.
2. PM MODI TO ATTEND G20 LEADERS’ SUMMIT IN JOHANNESBURG
SUBJECT: INTERNATIONAL/ECONOMY
- Prime Minister Narendra Modi will participate in the 20th G20 Leaders’ Summit in Johannesburg, South Africa, from November 22-23, 2025 (preparations and travel underway on November 21).
- First G20 Summit on African soil; theme “Solidarity, Equality and Sustainability” focuses on Global South priorities.
- India to advocate reforms in multilateral institutions, climate finance, debt relief, and digital/AI governance.
- Bilateral engagements expected with African leaders; India highlights legacy of its 2023 G20 Presidency (“One Earth, One Family, One Future”).
- Summit precedes handover of presidency to USA in December 2025.
- Concepts: G20 – Forum of major economies (19 countries + EU + AU); Represents 85% global GDP, promotes coordinated economic policies.
3. RECORD DEFENCE PRODUCTION AND EXPORTS IN FY 2024-25
SUBJECT: DEFENCE/ECONOMY
- India achieved highest-ever defence production of ₹1.54 lakh crore and exports of ₹23,622 crore in FY 2024-25 (highlighted in ongoing reviews).
- Exports surged from <₹1,000 crore in 2014; driven by indigenous systems like Tejas, BrahMos, Akash.
- Private sector share rose to 23%; over 16,000 MSMEs in supply chain.
- Policies like DAP 2020, DPM 2025, and defence corridors (including Tamil Nadu) boosted Atmanirbharta.
- Dubai Air Show 2025 (Nov 17-21) showcased Indian platforms; focus on global partnerships.
- Concepts: Atmanirbhar Bharat in Defence – Indigenisation, IDDM category; Export promotion via iDEX, SCAP.
4. SAGAR KAVACH COASTAL SECURITY EXERCISE AND RELATED DEVELOPMENTS
SUBJECT: DEFENCE/NATIONAL SECURITY
- Large-scale ‘Sagar Kavach’ exercise conducted along coastal states (including Tamil Nadu) to test anti-infiltration protocols and inter-agency coordination.
- Involved Navy, Coast Guard, Marine Police; simulated terrorist threats from sea.
- Enhanced AI-based surveillance, drones, fast-interception crafts post-26/11 framework.
- Aligns with Colombo Security Conclave for regional maritime security.
- India’s coastal security architecture strengthened under Phase II post-2008 Mumbai attacks.
- Concepts: Multi-layered Coastal Security – National Maritime Security Coordinator; Information-sharing via NCORD.
5. SUPREME COURT ADVISORY ON GOVERNOR-STATE BILL ASSENT POWERS
SUBJECT: POLITY
- Supreme Court set to deliver (or recent context) advisory opinion under Article 143 on Governors’ powers regarding state bills (Tamil Nadu case prominent).
- Clarifies Governors cannot withhold assent indefinitely or pocket bills; must act within reasonable time.
- Tamil Nadu government hailed earlier rulings as victory for federalism; pushes for fixed timelines.
- Related to Article 200/201 – Governor’s options (assent, withhold, reserve for President).
- Reinforces elected governments’ primacy in quasi-federal structure.
- Concepts: Cooperative Federalism – Balance between Centre and States; Judicial review of executive actions.
