The Gandhian principles within the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) in the Indian Constitution are inspired by the philosophy of Mahatma Gandhi, who played a pivotal role in India’s struggle for independence. These principles aim to embody and implement Gandhian ideals in the governance and development of the country. While not exhaustive, several DPSP reflect the Gandhian vision for a decentralized and morally grounded society.
- Decentralization and Panchayati Raj (Article 40):
- Gandhian principles emphasize decentralized governance. Article 40 of the DPSP encourages the State to take steps to organize village panchayats and endow them with necessary powers and authority to enable them to function as units of self-government.
- Cottage Industries and Rural Development (Article 43):
- Gandhian philosophy emphasizes the importance of rural development and self-sufficiency through cottage industries. Article 43 of the DPSP encourages the State to secure, by suitable legislation or economic organization or in any other way, to all workers, agricultural, industrial, or otherwise, work, a living wage, conditions of work ensuring a decent standard of life, and full enjoyment of leisure and social and cultural opportunities.
- Right to Work (Article 41):
- Gandhiji advocated for the dignity of labor and the right to work. Article 41 of the DPSP directs the State to secure to all citizens the right to work, education, and public assistance in cases of unemployment, old age, sickness, and disablement.
- Participation of Workers in Management (Article 43A):
- Mahatma Gandhi believed in the importance of worker participation in decision-making. Article 43A encourages the State to take steps, by suitable legislation or in any other way, to secure the participation of workers in the management of undertakings, establishments, or other organizations engaged in any industry.
- Education and Cultural Preservation (Article 45):
- Gandhian principles emphasize the importance of education and cultural preservation. Article 45 of the DPSP directs the State to provide early childhood care and education for all children until they complete the age of six years.
- Eradication of Untouchability (Article 46):
- Mahatma Gandhi was a staunch advocate for the upliftment of the oppressed, especially the eradication of untouchability. Article 46 directs the State to promote with special care the educational and economic interests of the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and other weaker sections and protect them from social injustice and exploitation.
- Prohibition of Intoxicating Drinks and Drugs (Article 47):
- Gandhiji was a strong advocate for prohibition as part of his moral and social philosophy. Article 47 encourages the State to endeavor to bring about the prohibition of the consumption, except for medicinal purposes, of intoxicating drinks and of drugs that are injurious to health.
These Gandhian principles within the DPSP reflect the vision of Mahatma Gandhi for a self-reliant, decentralized, and morally grounded society. While they may not be directly enforceable by the courts, they serve as guidelines for the government in formulating policies and laws that align with Gandhian ideals.
