AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

The Indian National Congress (INC) was founded in 1885 with the aim of representing the political aspirations of the Indian people and advocating for their rights and interests under British colonial rule. Over time, the INC evolved and adapted its aims and objectives in response to changing political, social, and economic conditions.

1. Early Phases (1885-1919):
   • Representation of Indian Interests: The primary aim of the INC during its early phases was to serve as a platform for representing the diverse interests of the Indian people, including political, social, economic, and cultural concerns.
   • Promotion of Indian Nationalism: The INC sought to promote a sense of Indian nationalism and unity among the diverse communities and regions of the Indian subcontinent. It aimed to transcend regional, linguistic, religious, and caste differences to foster a common identity as Indians.
   • Demand for Political Reforms: The INC advocated for political reforms and increased Indian participation in the governance of British India. It called for the expansion of representative institutions, such as legislative councils, and for the introduction of democratic principles and practices.
   • Civil Rights and Liberties: The INC championed civil rights and liberties for the Indian people, including freedom of speech, expression, and association. It protested against oppressive colonial laws and policies that curtailed fundamental rights and freedoms.
   • Opposition to Discrimination: The INC opposed racial discrimination and discriminatory policies imposed by the British colonial administration, such as the differential treatment of Indians and Europeans under the law and in government employment.
2. Growth of Mass Movement (1919-1947):
   • Struggle for Self-Government: With the intensification of the nationalist movement in India, the INC increasingly focused on the goal of achieving self-government and independence from British colonial rule. It led mass movements, protests, and campaigns to demand political autonomy and sovereignty for India.
   • Non-cooperation and Civil Disobedience: The INC adopted non-violent methods of resistance, including non-cooperation and civil disobedience, to challenge British authority and mobilize popular support for the nationalist cause. It organized boycotts, strikes, and peaceful protests against British policies and institutions.
   • Promotion of Social Reform: Alongside its political objectives, the INC also sought to promote social reform and address social injustices prevalent in Indian society, such as caste discrimination, untouchability, and gender inequality. It supported movements for social reform and advocated for the rights of marginalized communities.
   • Unity and Solidarity: The INC worked to forge unity and solidarity among different sections of Indian society, including Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, Christians, Dalits, and other marginalized groups. It emphasized the importance of communal harmony and national integration in the struggle for independence.
   • International Support: The INC sought international support for India’s nationalist movement and highlighted the injustices of British colonial rule on the global stage. It appealed to international organizations, leaders, and public opinion to condemn British imperialism and support India’s quest for freedom.
3. Post-Independence (1947-Present):
   • Nation-Building: Following India’s independence in 1947, the INC played a leading role in the process of nation-building and democratic governance. It worked to consolidate India’s independence, establish democratic institutions, and promote economic development and social welfare.
   • Secularism and Social Justice: The INC has emphasized secularism, social justice, and inclusive development as core principles of its ideology. It has advocated for policies and programs aimed at reducing poverty, inequality, and discrimination, and promoting the welfare of all citizens, irrespective of religion, caste, or creed.
   • Foreign Policy: The INC has guided India’s foreign policy in accordance with principles of non-alignment, peace, and cooperation. It has sought to maintain friendly relations with other countries while safeguarding India’s sovereignty, security, and strategic interests on the global stage.
   • Democratic Values: The INC has upheld democratic values, institutions, and processes, including free and fair elections, rule of law, and respect for human rights. It has worked to strengthen India’s democratic fabric and ensure the participation and representation of all citizens in the democratic process.

In conclusion, the Indian National Congress has pursued a broad range of aims and objectives throughout its history, reflecting the evolving aspirations and challenges faced by the Indian people. From its early years as a platform for political representation and reform to its central role in the struggle for independence and subsequent nation-building efforts, the INC has played a pivotal role in shaping the course of Indian history and democracy.